Below is the analysis and the actual output of running the throughput test in https://github.com/gonzalop/mq, using examples/throughput/multiple_different_args.sh against a local mosquitto MQTT server running on bare metal.
Note that Paho v3 lacks features and checks present in v5 clients, so it's not really comparing apples to apples, but it's a good reference.
The analysis is what Gemini thought of the output from both the client side and the server side perspectives.