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SSH between Mac OS X host and Virtual Box guest
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gistfile1.md

On Mac OS (host):

Shutdown your VM and do:

VirtualBox > Settings > Network > Add (you will get vboxnet0)

On a terminal ifconfig will show you new interface vboxnet0

VM's Settings > System > check "Enable I/O APIC." VM's Settings > Network > Adapter 2 > host-only vboxnet0

On Ubuntu (guest):

Install OpenSSH Server

Edit /etc/network/interfaces file to append the following lines:

auto eth1
iface eth1 inet static
address 192.168.56.10
netmask 255.255.255.0

Run sudo ifup eth1 from the Ubuntu command line. SSH server should be up and running. Switch to your host terminal and enter ssh 192.168.56.10

sources:

@timsmelik
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timsmelik commented Feb 27, 2018

As @chao1995 and @AnalyzePlatypus pointed out the interface name might not be eth1 (as of systemd 197 predictable network interface names are used). In addition, the host-only adapter might not show up in ifconfig because it is not up yet. I made the mistake of setting a static IP address on my first network adapter instead. Running ifconfig -a revealed the correct adapter.

@cpace6
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cpace6 commented Mar 7, 2018

@crsuarez VB only lists 4 adapters through the GUI but actually supports up to 8 via the command line tool

@skuo-bl
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skuo-bl commented Mar 8, 2018

Two network interfaces are needed on the guest to enable it to connect to the internet and allow ssh from host.
$ ip link
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1 link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
2: enp0s8: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000 link/ether 08:00:27:6c:bb:26 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
3: enp0s3: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000 link/ether 08:00:27:44:3b:96 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

enp0s3 is mapped to NAT and enp0s8 is mapped to vboxnet0 (192.168.56.1). Add the following to /etc/network/interfaces and leave the config for enp0s3 as is.

# Add the following
auto enp0s8
iface enp0s8 inet static1
address 192.168.56.10
netmask 255.255.255.0

Back on host, ssh 192.168.56.0 should work

@skuo-bl
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skuo-bl commented Mar 8, 2018

One more thing, use "Paravirtualized Network" for Host-only Adapter.

@c-rainstorm
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c-rainstorm commented Mar 19, 2018

Since Ubuntu 17.10，use netplan to configure your static IP address。 See my fork for more detail.

@beesuns
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beesuns commented Apr 18, 2018 •
edited
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I am currently using MacBook Air as host and I have installed virtualbox and run kali linux as guest.

In case you can't find vboxnet0 try this: VirtualBox >Preferences > Network > Host-only Networks > Add host-only network (lns)

When I was trying this, there was only NAT Network option. I can not find Host-only Networks.

@Shawyeok
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Shawyeok commented Apr 23, 2018

@beesuns You can create a host-only network adapter via VBoxManage command.

$ VBoxManage hostonlyif create

@cakesummer
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cakesummer commented Jun 10, 2018

I would like to post some new procedure in the new version of VirtualBox(5.2.12 r122591 (Qt5.6.3)) as follows:
File > Host Network Manager > Create (you will get vboxnet0)
...The rest is the same as above

@genidma
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genidma commented Jun 21, 2018

Instructions shared by @AnalyzePlatypus work.

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ghost commented Nov 14, 2018 •
edited by ghost
Loading

Hey i have SSH working from local host MAC to VB ubuntu VM. however from gues os ubuntu i don't have internet connectivity. what do i need to do? do i need to create 3rd adapter or can i use the same adapter for internet as well.?

@zevaverbach
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zevaverbach commented Jan 16, 2019

Resolved some difficulty with this by reading a comment on this thread: It was as simple as appending a 0 to the end of the inet value shown for eth1 after invoking ifconfig. Once I replaced 192.168.33.1 (ifconfig's inet output) with 192.168.33.10, I was able to connect.

@ranjkkum
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ranjkkum commented Jan 26, 2019

I had considerable difficulty setting up.

This is what worked for me:
I followed the gist with @chao1995's suggestions.

In the VM:

$ ifconfig
lo        Link encap:Local Loopback 
enp0s8    Link encap:Ethernet ...

My etc/network/interfaces looks like this:

$ sudo nano etc/network/interfaces
GNU nano 2.5.3 
# Added this:
# Local Interface (for SSH)
auto enp0s8
iface enp0s8 inet static
address 192.168.56.10
netmask 255.255.255.0

To bring up the service, I ran:

$ sudo ifup enp0s8

In my host terminal:

$ ssh <username>@192.168.56.10
Welcome to Ubuntu 16.04.2 LTS ...

Wahoo!

Troubleshooting Checklist

In VirtualBox Manager

  • Is Settings > Network > Adaptor 2 set to Host-Only Adaptor (vboxnet0)?
  • Is Settings > System > Enable I/O APIC checked?

In the VM

  • Is OpenSSH installed? ($ sudo apt-get install openssh-server )
  • Have you made the changes to /etc/network/interfaces, replacing eth1 with your interface name from ifconfig ?
  • Have you brought up the adaptor with $ sudo ifup <interface name>?

On your host

  • Have you determined the correct IP address to ssh into? (Runifconfig. Use the value of vboxnet0's inet field. If vboxnet0 is not available, review the section above In VirtualBox Manager)
  • Run ssh <username>@<ip address> and log in.

I hope that helps.
Good luck out there!

thanks for sharing this .. this actually summarizes the issues once can face while enabling it ..

@bigjoe2000
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bigjoe2000 commented Nov 9, 2019 •
edited
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I had some trouble with this on my Ubuntu 18.04, which uses netplan instead of /etc/network/interfaces

Instead, I modified /etc/netplan/50-cloud-init.yaml to the following (The 192.168.99.2 is the static IP address I chose.)

network:
    ethernets:
        enp0s3:
            dhcp4: true
        enp0s8:
            dhcp4: no
            addresses: [192.168.99.2/24]
    version: 2

After editing the file, run

sudo netplan try

That will allow you to verify it's working before changing the virtual machine's network settings.

@jhamukesh998
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jhamukesh998 commented Jan 9, 2020

@bigjoe2000 is correct. Just a add on to this: use tab in yaml file.

@thomyi
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thomyi commented Mar 3, 2020

Are you doing on the VM's Settings or the VirtualBox preference? When I do an "+" I'm only seeing a new NAT connection created. Thanks!

@letchke
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letchke commented May 25, 2020

When I'm trying to ssh in on my host, I'm asked for a password. Neither the host nor the guest pw will work, any idea?

@danielverissimo
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danielverissimo commented Jul 17, 2020

Nice

@shiouming
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shiouming commented Nov 3, 2020 •
edited
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VirtualBox UI had been redesigned, the UI for step #1 had been moved to File > Host Network Manager.

I'm not sure which version this change was introduced into, perhaps long time ago? I'm on v6.1.16 for MacOS.

@jmiremba
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jmiremba commented Feb 22, 2021

End-to-end, enabling connection from MacOS to hosted RHEL8 in VirtualBox 6.1

In VirtualBox (6.1.x):
- File > Host Network Manager ...
- Create (vboxnet0)

For the particular instance of VM (powered off):
- Settings > Network > Adapter 2
- Enable Network Adapter (checked)
- Attached to: Host-only Adapter
- Name: vboxnet0

Start the VM and login as root:
# nmcli dev status
	// Will show that enp0s8 is down
# nmcli con up enp0s8
# nmcli dev set enp0s8 autoconnect yes managed no
# nmcli dev connect enp0s8
# nmcli dev status
	// Will show that enp0s8 is connected
# ifconfig
	// Shows an inet IP address (192.168.56.101)

From the host (Terminal on MacOS):
$ sudo vim /etc/hosts
		*****
		192.168.56.101  vbox.rhel8
		*****
	:wq
$ ping -c 3 vbox.rhel8
$ ssh-copy-id jubilee@vbox.rhel8
$ ssh jubilee@vbox.rhel8 (using SSH keys, passwordless)

@Denis-Alexeev
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Denis-Alexeev commented May 3, 2022

When I'm trying to ssh in on my host, I'm asked for a password. Neither the host nor the guest pw will work, any idea?

I am getting permission denied when i try to log in. What password should i be trying? Thanks!

I had the same problem. The reason was: I used "root" user. So, I had added 2 lines into sshd_config (in VM):

PermitRootLogin yes
PasswordAuthentication yes

and then (in VM terminal)
systemctl restart sshd

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