Tetris implementation in Python

tetris.py

#!/usr/bin/env python3
#-*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Very simple tetris implementation
#
# Control keys:
#       Down - Drop stone faster
# Left/Right - Move stone
#         Up - Rotate Stone clockwise
#     Escape - Quit game
#          P - Pause game
#     Return - Instant drop
#
# Have fun!

# NOTE: If you're looking for the old python2 version, see
#       <https://gist.github.com/silvasur/565419/45a3ded61b993d1dd195a8a8688e7dc196b08de8>

# Copyright (c) 2010 "Laria Carolin Chabowski"<me@laria.me>
#
# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
# of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
# in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
# to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
# copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
# furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
#
# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
# all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
#
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
# OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
# THE SOFTWARE.

from random import randrange as rand
import pygame, sys

# The configuration
cell_size = 18
cols =      10
rows =      22
maxfps =    30

colors = [
(0,   0,   0  ),
(255, 85,  85),
(100, 200, 115),
(120, 108, 245),
(255, 140, 50 ),
(50,  120, 52 ),
(146, 202, 73 ),
(150, 161, 218 ),
(35,  35,  35) # Helper color for background grid
]

# Define the shapes of the single parts
tetris_shapes = [
    [[1, 1, 1],
     [0, 1, 0]],

    [[0, 2, 2],
     [2, 2, 0]],

    [[3, 3, 0],
     [0, 3, 3]],

    [[4, 0, 0],
     [4, 4, 4]],

    [[0, 0, 5],
     [5, 5, 5]],

    [[6, 6, 6, 6]],

    [[7, 7],
     [7, 7]]
]

def rotate_clockwise(shape):
    return [
        [ shape[y][x] for y in range(len(shape)) ]
        for x in range(len(shape[0]) - 1, -1, -1)
    ]

def check_collision(board, shape, offset):
    off_x, off_y = offset
    for cy, row in enumerate(shape):
        for cx, cell in enumerate(row):
            try:
                if cell and board[ cy + off_y ][ cx + off_x ]:
                    return True
            except IndexError:
                return True
    return False

def remove_row(board, row):
    del board[row]
    return [[0 for i in range(cols)]] + board

def join_matrixes(mat1, mat2, mat2_off):
    off_x, off_y = mat2_off
    for cy, row in enumerate(mat2):
        for cx, val in enumerate(row):
            mat1[cy+off_y-1 ][cx+off_x] += val
    return mat1

def new_board():
    board = [
        [ 0 for x in range(cols) ]
        for y in range(rows)
    ]
    board += [[ 1 for x in range(cols)]]
    return board

class TetrisApp(object):
    def __init__(self):
        pygame.init()
        pygame.key.set_repeat(250,25)
        self.width = cell_size*(cols+6)
        self.height = cell_size*rows
        self.rlim = cell_size*cols
        self.bground_grid = [[ 8 if x%2==y%2 else 0 for x in range(cols)] for y in range(rows)]

        self.default_font =  pygame.font.Font(
            pygame.font.get_default_font(), 12)

        self.screen = pygame.display.set_mode((self.width, self.height))
        pygame.event.set_blocked(pygame.MOUSEMOTION) # We do not need
                                                     # mouse movement
                                                     # events, so we
                                                     # block them.
        self.next_stone = tetris_shapes[rand(len(tetris_shapes))]
        self.init_game()

    def new_stone(self):
        self.stone = self.next_stone[:]
        self.next_stone = tetris_shapes[rand(len(tetris_shapes))]
        self.stone_x = int(cols / 2 - len(self.stone[0])/2)
        self.stone_y = 0

        if check_collision(self.board,
                           self.stone,
                           (self.stone_x, self.stone_y)):
            self.gameover = True

    def init_game(self):
        self.board = new_board()
        self.new_stone()
        self.level = 1
        self.score = 0
        self.lines = 0
        pygame.time.set_timer(pygame.USEREVENT+1, 1000)

    def disp_msg(self, msg, topleft):
        x,y = topleft
        for line in msg.splitlines():
            self.screen.blit(
                self.default_font.render(
                    line,
                    False,
                    (255,255,255),
                    (0,0,0)),
                (x,y))
            y+=14

    def center_msg(self, msg):
        for i, line in enumerate(msg.splitlines()):
            msg_image =  self.default_font.render(line, False,
                (255,255,255), (0,0,0))

            msgim_center_x, msgim_center_y = msg_image.get_size()
            msgim_center_x //= 2
            msgim_center_y //= 2

            self.screen.blit(msg_image, (
              self.width // 2-msgim_center_x,
              self.height // 2-msgim_center_y+i*22))

    def draw_matrix(self, matrix, offset):
        off_x, off_y  = offset
        for y, row in enumerate(matrix):
            for x, val in enumerate(row):
                if val:
                    pygame.draw.rect(
                        self.screen,
                        colors[val],
                        pygame.Rect(
                            (off_x+x) *
                              cell_size,
                            (off_y+y) *
                              cell_size,
                            cell_size,
                            cell_size),0)

    def add_cl_lines(self, n):
        linescores = [0, 40, 100, 300, 1200]
        self.lines += n
        self.score += linescores[n] * self.level
        if self.lines >= self.level*6:
            self.level += 1
            newdelay = 1000-50*(self.level-1)
            newdelay = 100 if newdelay < 100 else newdelay
            pygame.time.set_timer(pygame.USEREVENT+1, newdelay)

    def move(self, delta_x):
        if not self.gameover and not self.paused:
            new_x = self.stone_x + delta_x
            if new_x < 0:
                new_x = 0
            if new_x > cols - len(self.stone[0]):
                new_x = cols - len(self.stone[0])
            if not check_collision(self.board,
                                   self.stone,
                                   (new_x, self.stone_y)):
                self.stone_x = new_x
    def quit(self):
        self.center_msg("Exiting...")
        pygame.display.update()
        sys.exit()

    def drop(self, manual):
        if not self.gameover and not self.paused:
            self.score += 1 if manual else 0
            self.stone_y += 1
            if check_collision(self.board,
                               self.stone,
                               (self.stone_x, self.stone_y)):
                self.board = join_matrixes(
                  self.board,
                  self.stone,
                  (self.stone_x, self.stone_y))
                self.new_stone()
                cleared_rows = 0
                while True:
                    for i, row in enumerate(self.board[:-1]):
                        if 0 not in row:
                            self.board = remove_row(
                              self.board, i)
                            cleared_rows += 1
                            break
                    else:
                        break
                self.add_cl_lines(cleared_rows)
                return True
        return False

    def insta_drop(self):
        if not self.gameover and not self.paused:
            while(not self.drop(True)):
                pass

    def rotate_stone(self):
        if not self.gameover and not self.paused:
            new_stone = rotate_clockwise(self.stone)
            if not check_collision(self.board,
                                   new_stone,
                                   (self.stone_x, self.stone_y)):
                self.stone = new_stone

    def toggle_pause(self):
        self.paused = not self.paused

    def start_game(self):
        if self.gameover:
            self.init_game()
            self.gameover = False

    def run(self):
        key_actions = {
            'ESCAPE':   self.quit,
            'LEFT':     lambda:self.move(-1),
            'RIGHT':    lambda:self.move(+1),
            'DOWN':     lambda:self.drop(True),
            'UP':       self.rotate_stone,
            'p':        self.toggle_pause,
            'SPACE':    self.start_game,
            'RETURN':   self.insta_drop
        }

        self.gameover = False
        self.paused = False

        dont_burn_my_cpu = pygame.time.Clock()
        while 1:
            self.screen.fill((0,0,0))
            if self.gameover:
                self.center_msg("""Game Over!\nYour score: %d
Press space to continue""" % self.score)
            else:
                if self.paused:
                    self.center_msg("Paused")
                else:
                    pygame.draw.line(self.screen,
                        (255,255,255),
                        (self.rlim+1, 0),
                        (self.rlim+1, self.height-1))
                    self.disp_msg("Next:", (
                        self.rlim+cell_size,
                        2))
                    self.disp_msg("Score: %d\n\nLevel: %d\
\nLines: %d" % (self.score, self.level, self.lines),
                        (self.rlim+cell_size, cell_size*5))
                    self.draw_matrix(self.bground_grid, (0,0))
                    self.draw_matrix(self.board, (0,0))
                    self.draw_matrix(self.stone,
                        (self.stone_x, self.stone_y))
                    self.draw_matrix(self.next_stone,
                        (cols+1,2))
            pygame.display.update()

            for event in pygame.event.get():
                if event.type == pygame.USEREVENT+1:
                    self.drop(False)
                elif event.type == pygame.QUIT:
                    self.quit()
                elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
                    for key in key_actions:
                        if event.key == eval("pygame.K_"
                        +key):
                            key_actions[key]()

            dont_burn_my_cpu.tick(maxfps)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    App = TetrisApp()
    App.run()

@Dilovan200 Without seeing the error messages, nobody will be able to help you. Can you copy the error messages here or post a screenshot? Maybe then someone might be able to help you. Also not sure, what this has to do with visual studio?

is it possible to make that .py file to desktop app??

@Wax30d I mean, it's an application that runs on a desktop, so it kinda is a desktop app, right? 😃

If you want to bundle the whole application up, so users don't have to install python and pygame, here are some possible options: On Linux you might try to make it a Flatpak app, for Windows there is py2exe. No idea about macOS or other operating systems.

import pygame
import random

colors = [
(0, 0, 0),
(120, 37, 179),
(100, 179, 179),
(80, 34, 22),
(80, 134, 22),
(180, 34, 22),
(180, 34, 122),
]

class Figure:
x = 0
y = 0

figures = [
    [[1, 5, 9, 13], [4, 5, 6, 7]],
    [[4, 5, 9, 10], [2, 6, 5, 9]],
    [[6, 7, 9, 10], [1, 5, 6, 10]],
    [[1, 2, 5, 9], [0, 4, 5, 6], [1, 5, 9, 8], [4, 5, 6, 10]],
    [[1, 2, 6, 10], [5, 6, 7, 9], [2, 6, 10, 11], [3, 5, 6, 7]],
    [[1, 4, 5, 6], [1, 4, 5, 9], [4, 5, 6, 9], [1, 5, 6, 9]],
    [[1, 2, 5, 6]],
]

def __init__(self, x, y):
    self.x = x
    self.y = y
    self.type = random.randint(0, len(self.figures) - 1)
    self.color = random.randint(1, len(colors) - 1)
    self.rotation = 0

def image(self):
    return self.figures[self.type][self.rotation]

def rotate(self):
    self.rotation = (self.rotation + 1) % len(self.figures[self.type])

class Tetris:
level = 2
score = 0
state = "start"
field = []
height = 0
width = 0
x = 100
y = 60
zoom = 20
figure = None

def __init__(self, height, width):
    self.height = height
    self.width = width
    self.field = []
    self.score = 0
    self.state = "start"
    for i in range(height):
        new_line = []
        for j in range(width):
            new_line.append(0)
        self.field.append(new_line)

def new_figure(self):
    self.figure = Figure(3, 0)

def intersects(self):
    intersection = False
    for i in range(4):
        for j in range(4):
            if i * 4 + j in self.figure.image():
                if i + self.figure.y > self.height - 1 or \
                        j + self.figure.x > self.width - 1 or \
                        j + self.figure.x < 0 or \
                        self.field[i + self.figure.y][j + self.figure.x] > 0:
                    intersection = True
    return intersection

def break_lines(self):
    lines = 0
    for i in range(1, self.height):
        zeros = 0
        for j in range(self.width):
            if self.field[i][j] == 0:
                zeros += 1
        if zeros == 0:
            lines += 1
            for i1 in range(i, 1, -1):
                for j in range(self.width):
                    self.field[i1][j] = self.field[i1 - 1][j]
    self.score += lines ** 2

def go_space(self):
    while not self.intersects():
        self.figure.y += 1
    self.figure.y -= 1
    self.freeze()

def go_down(self):
    self.figure.y += 1
    if self.intersects():
        self.figure.y -= 1
        self.freeze()

def freeze(self):
    for i in range(4):
        for j in range(4):
            if i * 4 + j in self.figure.image():
                self.field[i + self.figure.y][j + self.figure.x] = self.figure.color
    self.break_lines()
    self.new_figure()
    if self.intersects():
        self.state = "gameover"

def go_side(self, dx):
    old_x = self.figure.x
    self.figure.x += dx
    if self.intersects():
        self.figure.x = old_x

def rotate(self):
    old_rotation = self.figure.rotation
    self.figure.rotate()
    if self.intersects():
        self.figure.rotation = old_rotation

Initialize the game engine

pygame.init()

Define some colors

BLACK = (0, 0, 0)
WHITE = (255, 255, 255)
GRAY = (128, 128, 128)

size = (400, 500)
screen = pygame.display.set_mode(size)

pygame.display.set_caption("Tetris")

Loop until the user clicks the close button.

done = False
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
fps = 25
game = Tetris(20, 10)
counter = 0

pressing_down = False

while not done:
if game.figure is None:
game.new_figure()
counter += 1
if counter > 100000:
counter = 0

if counter % (fps // game.level // 2) == 0 or pressing_down:
    if game.state == "start":
        game.go_down()

for event in pygame.event.get():
    if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
        done = True
    if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
        if event.key == pygame.K_UP:
            game.rotate()
        if event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
            pressing_down = True
        if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
            game.go_side(-1)
        if event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
            game.go_side(1)
        if event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:
            game.go_space()
        if event.key == pygame.K_ESCAPE:
            game.__init__(20, 10)

if event.type == pygame.KEYUP:
        if event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
            pressing_down = False

screen.fill(WHITE)

for i in range(game.height):
    for j in range(game.width):
        pygame.draw.rect(screen, GRAY, [game.x + game.zoom * j, game.y + game.zoom * i, game.zoom, game.zoom], 1)
        if game.field[i][j] > 0:
            pygame.draw.rect(screen, colors[game.field[i][j]],
                             [game.x + game.zoom * j + 1, game.y + game.zoom * i + 1, game.zoom - 2, game.zoom - 1])

if game.figure is not None:
    for i in range(4):
        for j in range(4):
            p = i * 4 + j
            if p in game.figure.image():
                pygame.draw.rect(screen, colors[game.figure.color],
                                 [game.x + game.zoom * (j + game.figure.x) + 1,
                                  game.y + game.zoom * (i + game.figure.y) + 1,
                                  game.zoom - 2, game.zoom - 2])

font = pygame.font.SysFont('Calibri', 25, True, False)
font1 = pygame.font.SysFont('Calibri', 65, True, False)
text = font.render("Score: " + str(game.score), True, BLACK)
text_game_over = font1.render("Game Over", True, (255, 125, 0))
text_game_over1 = font1.render("Press ESC", True, (255, 215, 0))

screen.blit(text, [0, 0])
if game.state == "gameover":
    screen.blit(text_game_over, [20, 200])
    screen.blit(text_game_over1, [25, 265])

pygame.display.flip()
clock.tick(fps)

pygame.quit()

Hey if you like my code, you can also visit my repo

thanks El sáb, 23 jul 2022 a la(s) 17:06, Sumalya Chatterjee ( ***@***.***) escribió:

…

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