Run Ubuntu VM using Qemu in Windows User Space (without admin rights)

Qemu-Ubuntu.ps1

$ErrorActionPreference = "Stop"

If (-not (Get-Command -Name "scoop" -ErrorAction "SilentlyContinue")) {
    # Install Scoop
    Set-ExecutionPolicy -ExecutionPolicy RemoteSigned -Scope CurrentUser -Force
    Invoke-RestMethod get.scoop.sh | Invoke-Expression
}

If (-not (Get-Command -Name "qemu-system-x86_64" -ErrorAction "SilentlyContinue")) {
    # Install qemu
    scoop install qemu
}

$qemuFolder = "$ENV:USERPROFILE/qemu/"

If (-Not (Test-Path -Path $qemuFolder -ErrorAction "SilentlyContinue")) {
    New-Item -Path $qemuFolder -ItemType "Directory" -Force -Verbose
}

# Define paths and settings
$qemuPath = "qemu-system-x86_64.exe"            # Adjust this path to where your QEMU executable is located
$qemuImgPath = "qemu-img.exe"                   # Adjust this path to where your QEMU image utility is located
$diskImagePath = "$qemuFolder/linux.qcow2"      # Path where the VM's disk image will be created
$memorySize = "4096M"                           # Memory size (e.g., 2048M for 2GB)
$cpuCount = 8                                   # Number of CPUs

$isNewBootDisk = $false

If (-not (Test-Path -Path $diskImagePath -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue)) {
    $qemuImageUrl = "https://cloud.debian.org/images/cloud/bookworm/latest/debian-12-nocloud-amd64.qcow2"

    # Download the QEMU Image file
    Invoke-WebRequest -Uri $qemuImageUrl -OutFile $diskImagePath -Verbose

    Write-Host "Download completed! The QEMU Image is saved at: $diskImagePath" -ForegroundColor "Green"

    # Resize to add working space (e.g., add 20GB)
    & $qemuImgPath resize $diskImagePath +100G

    $isNewBootDisk = $true
}

# Run QEMU with the specified settings and setup Ubuntu automatically
$argumentList = @(
    "-m", $memorySize,
    "-smp", $cpuCount,
    "-drive", "file=$diskImagePath,format=qcow2,if=virtio",
    "-boot", "d",
    "-netdev", "user,id=mynet0,hostfwd=tcp::8022-:22,hostfwd=tcp::4180-:4180,hostfwd=tcp::3000-:3000,hostfwd=tcp::9229-:9229,hostfwd=tcp::8000-:8000",
    "-device", "virtio-net,netdev=mynet0",
    "-accel", "whpx", # Hardware acceleration on Windows using Hypbervisor
    "-no-reboot",
    "-nographic"
)

function Test-QEMUProcessExists {
    param(
        [string]$QemuPath,
        [string[]]$ArgumentList
    )
    
    $qemuExeName = [System.IO.Path]::GetFileNameWithoutExtension($QemuPath)
    $existingProcesses = Get-Process -Name $qemuExeName -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
    
    # Convert argument list to normalized string for comparison
    $newArgsString = ($ArgumentList -join ' ') -replace '\s+', ' '
    
    foreach ($proc in $existingProcesses) {
        try {
            $wmiProcess = Get-CimInstance Win32_Process -Filter "ProcessId = $($proc.Id)"
            $commandLine = $wmiProcess.CommandLine
            
            # Extract just the arguments part (everything after the executable)
            $executablePath = $wmiProcess.ExecutablePath
            if ($commandLine -match [regex]::Escape($executablePath)) {
                $existingArgs = $commandLine.Substring($commandLine.IndexOf($executablePath) + $executablePath.Length).Trim().Trim('"').Trim()
            } else {
                continue
            }
            
            # Normalize whitespace for comparison
            $normalizedExistingArgs = $existingArgs -replace '\s+', ' '
            $normalizedNewArgs = $newArgsString -replace '\s+', ' '
            
            if ($normalizedExistingArgs -eq $normalizedNewArgs) {
                return @{
                    Found = $true
                    ProcessId = $proc.Id
                    CommandLine = $commandLine
                }
            }
        }
        catch {
            continue
        }
    }
    
    return @{ Found = $false }
}

# # Run QEMU
# Start-Process -FilePath $qemuPath -ArgumentList $argumentList -NoNewWindow -Wait -PassThru

# Check for existing process
$result = Test-QEMUProcessExists -QemuPath $qemuPath -ArgumentList $argumentList

if ($result.Found) {
    Write-Host "Existing QEMU process found!" -ForegroundColor Green
    Write-Host "PID: $($result.ProcessId)" -ForegroundColor Yellow
    Write-Host "Command: $($result.CommandLine)" -ForegroundColor Cyan
} else {
    Write-Host "No matching process found. Launching QEMU..." -ForegroundColor Yellow
    $newProcess = $(Start-Process -FilePath $qemuPath -ArgumentList $argumentList -WindowStyle Hidden -Verbose)
    Write-Host "Started new process with PID: $($newProcess)" -ForegroundColor Green

    $result = Test-QEMUProcessExists -QemuPath $qemuPath -ArgumentList $argumentList
    if ($result.Found) {
        Write-Host "Existing QEMU process found!" -ForegroundColor Green
        Write-Host "PID: $($result.ProcessId)" -ForegroundColor Yellow
        Write-Host "Command: $($result.CommandLine)" -ForegroundColor Cyan
    } else {
        Write-Host "Warning! QEMU is not running!" -ForegroundColor Yellow
    }
}

setup-software-alpine-amd64.sh

# Install VS Code CLI
apk add gcompat libstdc++ curl
curl -sL "https://code.visualstudio.com/sha/download?build=stable&os=cli-alpine-x64" --output /tmp/vscode-cli.tar.gz \
&& tar -xf /tmp/vscode-cli.tar.gz -C /usr/bin \
&& rm /tmp/vscode-cli.tar.gz

# Setup script for quick access to code server
echo "code serve-web --host 0.0.0.0 --port 8000 --without-connection-token --accept-server-license-terms" > ~/code-server.sh
chmod u+x ~/code-server.sh

# Edit sshd_config
vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config

# # Change this line
# PermitRootLogin yes
# AllowTcpForwarding yes

# Restart sshd service
rc-service sshd restart

# Install docker
apk add docker
apk add docker-cli-compose

# Run docker daemon in the background
addgroup ${USER} docker
rc-update add docker default
service docker start
rc-update add cgroups

# Install Python
apk add python3 py3-pip