The parent_directory function returns the name of the directory that's located just above the current working directory.

parent_directory.py

import os
def parent_directory():
  # Create a relative path to the parent 
  # of the current working directory 
  os.chdir('..')
  relative_parent = os.path.abspath(os.getcwd())

  # Return the absolute path of the parent directory
  return relative_parent

print(parent_directory())