router-configuration.js

var someState = {
  resolve: {
    user: function() {
      return 'user_id';
    }
  }
};

$stateProvider.state(someState);

router-configuration.spec.js

beforeEach(module('ui.router', function($stateProvider) {
  $state = $stateProvider;

  spyOn($state, 'state');
}));

beforeEach(function() {
  module('some-module');

  inject();
})

describe('some state', function() {
  it('should resolve the user', function() {
    var userTester = {
      asymmetricMatch: function(user) {
        return user() === 'user_id';
      }
    };

    expect($state.state)
      .toHaveBeenCalledWith(jasmine.objectContaining({
        resolve: {user: userTester}
      }));
  });
});