This Bash script scans the system's /etc/passwd file to list user accounts with their real names, associated groups, and home directories. It allows filtering based on home directory names and user groups. Additionally, it can modify the ownership and permissions of home directories recursively.

set_homedir_permissions.sh

#!/bin/bash

# Filter parameter for the home directory
filter_string="home"
# Optional filter parameter for the user group (default is empty)
group_filter="users"
# Default dry-run flag (true)
dry_run=true

# Function to display usage information
usage() {
    echo "Usage: $0 [--dry-run] [--filter <string>] [--group <group>]"
    echo "  --dry-run      Show the commands that would be executed without making changes."
    echo "  --filter       Filter home directories containing the specified string."
    echo "  --group        Filter by user group."
    exit 1
}

# Parse command-line arguments
while [[ "$#" -gt 0 ]]; do
    case "$1" in
        --dry-run)
            dry_run=true
            shift
            ;;
        --filter)
            filter_string="$2"
            shift 2
            ;;
        --group)
            group_filter="$2"
            shift 2
            ;;
        *)
            usage
            ;;
    esac
done

# Function to query home directories
get_home_directories() {
    local -n result_array=$1  # Reference to the passed array
    result_array=()           # Reset the array

    while IFS=: read -r username _ uid gid realname home shell; do
        # Get the group name from the group ID
        group_name=$(getent group "$gid" | cut -d: -f1)

        # Check if the home directory exists and matches the filters
        if [[ -d "$home" && "$home" == *"$filter_string"* ]]; then
            if [[ -z "$group_filter" || "$group_name" == "$group_filter" ]]; then
                # Add the data as an array element (including group name)
                result_array+=("$username:$realname:$group_name:$home")
            fi
        fi
    done < /etc/passwd
}

# Function to print home directories
print_home_directories() {
    local -n array=$1  # Reference to the passed array

    # Header for the table
    printf "%-20s %-35s %-15s %-50s\n" "Account Name" "Realname" "Group" "Home Directory"
    printf "%-20s %-35s %-15s %-50s\n" "-------------" "--------" "-----" "----------------"

    # Output the data
    for entry in "${array[@]}"; do
        IFS=':' read -r username realname group home <<< "$entry"
        printf "%-20s %-35s %-15s %-50s\n" "$username" "$realname" "$group" "$home"
    done
}

# Function to adjust permissions for user accounts
adjust_permissions() {
    local -n array=$1  # Reference to the passed array

    for entry in "${array[@]}"; do
        IFS=':' read -r username _ group home <<< "$entry"
        # Change ownership recursively
        if $dry_run; then
            echo "Dry run: chown -R \"$username:$group\" \"$home\""
            echo "Dry run: chmod -R 700 \"$home\""
        else
            echo "chown -R \"$username:$group\" \"$home\""
            chown -R "$username:$group" "$home"
            echo "chmod -R 700 \"$home\""
            chmod -R 700 "$home"
        fi
    done
}

# Main program
home_directories=()  # Array for home directories
get_home_directories home_directories  # Query data
print_home_directories home_directories  # Output data

# Call the adjust_permissions function to modify ownership and permissions
adjust_permissions home_directories  # Adjust permissions for the user accounts