Quickly extract encrypted firmware and packages inside firmware of Synology. This script is a wrapper of SynoXtract. Must compile SynoXtract first.

quick_synology_extractor.py

import os
import subprocess

"""
Automatically extract synology firmware and packages inside it. The SynoXtract is from https://github.com/prt1999/SynoXtract. Compile it first.
Steps:
    1. Extract firmware .pat file
    2. (Start loop): Extract spk file (package)
    3. Extract tar file. It should contain everything, include ELF files.
    4. (End loop) Return 2.
"""

ROOT_PRJ_DIR = "/home/dmknght/Desktop/FIS_2026/P2O_Synology/"
PATH_SYNOXTRACT = f"{ROOT_PRJ_DIR}/SynoXtract/sextractor"
PATH_ENC_FIRMWARE = f"{ROOT_PRJ_DIR}/DSM_DS1525+_86009.pat"
tmp_dir_name = os.path.splitext(os.path.basename(PATH_ENC_FIRMWARE))[0]
PATH_TARGET_DIR = f"{ROOT_PRJ_DIR}/{tmp_dir_name}" # AUTOMATICALLY GET DIR NAME FROM FILE. EASIER TO EDIT
PATH_TARGET_PKG = f"{PATH_TARGET_DIR}/__extracted_packages/"


# Extract firmware from encrypted file. Make sure target folder exists first. Otherwise, just create dir in first place

if not os.path.exists(PATH_TARGET_DIR):
    os.mkdir(PATH_TARGET_DIR)

if not os.path.exists(f"{PATH_TARGET_DIR}/Synology.sig"):
    subprocess.run([PATH_SYNOXTRACT, "-i", PATH_ENC_FIRMWARE, "-d", PATH_TARGET_DIR])
else:
    print("[!] Seem like {PATH_TARGET_DIR} has extracted files already. Skipping!")

# By now, command should be executed successfully. Do we need to handle error and exit?
# encrypted .spk files are in f"{PATH_TARGET_DIR}/packages/". We need to extract them too
## 1. Get names of .spk files (without extensions)
## 2. Create destiation dir package_target_dir = f"{PATH_TARGET_DIR}/__extracted_packages/{package_name}"
## 3. Extract data from .spk files to package_target_dir
## 4. Create path f"package_target_dir/{__extracted_package_data}" which is the location to extract .tar file
## 5. Extract tar files to there

if not os.path.exists(PATH_TARGET_PKG):
    os.mkdir(PATH_TARGET_PKG)

for root, dirs, files in os.walk(f"{PATH_TARGET_DIR}/packages"):
    for each_file in files:
        file_name = os.path.splitext(each_file)[0]
        tmp_target_pkg = f"{PATH_TARGET_PKG}/{file_name}" # Where to extract .spk files to
        tmp_spk_file = os.path.join(root, each_file)
        # mkdir then extract again. Pretty much can create a function then reuse the code but it's only 2 lines. Also I'm so lazy for a more compilcated structure
        if not os.path.exists(tmp_target_pkg):
            os.mkdir(tmp_target_pkg)
        subprocess.run([PATH_SYNOXTRACT, "-i", tmp_spk_file, "-d", tmp_target_pkg])
        
        # By now, we have everything we need. Just need to extract tar file
        tmp_source_tar = f"{tmp_target_pkg}/package.tgz"
        if not os.path.exists(tmp_source_tar):
            print(f"[x] Can not find package.tgz at {tmp_source_tar}. Something is wrong?")
        else:
            tmp_target_tar = f"{tmp_target_pkg}/__extracted_tar" # Where to extract tar file from .spk to
            if not os.path.exists(tmp_target_tar):
                os.mkdir(tmp_target_tar)
            subprocess.run(["tar", "-xvf", tmp_source_tar, "-C", tmp_target_tar])