Assume your Laravel project is in /home/cheeze/my-app/, make sure www-data has access to ./storage and ./bootstrap/cache/ with:
sudo chown -R www-data:www-data storagesudo chown -R www-data:www-data bootstrap/cache
This is because Caddy needs write access to the logs inside these folders.
If you want to host this laravel app on https://laravel.example.com,