Customize the product titles displayed on the WooCommerce Cart page by incorporating additional custom elements.

index.php

<?php

/*
Preview image: https://i.imgur.com/5FxW6x3.png
This is for modify the product name in cart page.
*/
add_filter( 'woocommerce_product_title', 'cart_product_title', 20, 2 );
function cart_product_title( $title, $values ) {
	return $title . ' extra cheese burger';
}

/*
This code is responsible for add the extra content after description in cart page.
*/
add_filter( 'woocommerce_get_item_data', 'customizing_cart_item_data', 10, 2 );
function customizing_cart_item_data( $cart_data, $cart_item ) {
	global $product;

	$post_id     = $cart_item['product_id'];
	$description = $cart_item['data']->get_description();

	$meal_available_date = get_post_meta( $post_id, 'meal_available_date_dp_field_alt', true );

	if ( $cart_item['variation_id'] > 0 && empty( $description ) ) {
		$parent_product = wc_get_product( $cart_item['product_id'] );
		$description    = $parent_product->get_description();
	}

	if ( ! empty( $description ) ) {
		$cart_data[] = array(
			'key'     => __( 'Delivery date', 'woocommerce' ),
			'value'   => $meal_available_date,
			'display' => $meal_available_date,
		);
	}

	return $cart_data;
}