Upgrade Debian 12 to 13

README.md

Upgrade Debian 12 to 13

This script automates a safe upgrade from Debian 12 (Bookworm) to Debian 13 (Trixie). It backs up important configuration files, updates the system, adjusts APT sources, and runs the upgrade steps.

Requirements

• Debian 12 (Bookworm)
• Root/sudo privileges
• At least 5 GB of free disk space

Download and run

Download the script with wget, make it executable, and run it:

wget https://gist.githubusercontent.com/R0GGER/9680bdb0e7d4d42ae3d37a80eb184a4d/raw/4fff69889a5bda0c493955dbf919312fade31358/debian12to13-upgrade.sh && \
chmod +x debian12to13-upgrade.sh && \
./debian12to13-upgrade.sh

The script asks for confirmation before starting the upgrade and shows the backup location and log file path.

debian12to13-upgrade.sh

#!/bin/bash

###############################################################################
# Script: Debian 12 (Bookworm) to Debian 13 (Trixie) Upgrade
# Description: Safe automatic upgrade from Debian 12 to Debian 13
# Author: Auto-generated
# Date: $(date +%Y-%m-%d)
###############################################################################

set -euo pipefail  # Exit on error, undefined vars, pipe failures

# Colors for output
RED='\033[0;31m'
GREEN='\033[0;32m'
YELLOW='\033[1;33m'
BLUE='\033[0;34m'
NC='\033[0m' # No Color

# Logging
LOG_FILE="/var/log/debian-upgrade-$(date +%Y%m%d-%H%M%S).log"
exec 1> >(tee -a "$LOG_FILE")
exec 2> >(tee -a "$LOG_FILE" >&2)

# Functions
log_info() {
    echo -e "${BLUE}[INFO]${NC} $1"
}

log_success() {
    echo -e "${GREEN}[SUCCESS]${NC} $1"
}

log_warning() {
    echo -e "${YELLOW}[WARNING]${NC} $1"
}

log_error() {
    echo -e "${RED}[ERROR]${NC} $1"
}

# Check if script is run as root
check_root() {
    if [[ $EUID -ne 0 ]]; then
        log_error "This script must be run as root (use sudo)"
        exit 1
    fi
    log_success "Root check passed"
}

# Check current Debian version
check_debian_version() {
    if [[ ! -f /etc/debian_version ]]; then
        log_error "This is not a Debian system"
        exit 1
    fi
    
    DEBIAN_VERSION=$(cat /etc/debian_version)
    log_info "Current Debian version: $DEBIAN_VERSION"
    
    if [[ ! -f /etc/os-release ]]; then
        log_error "Cannot read /etc/os-release"
        exit 1
    fi
    
    source /etc/os-release
    if [[ "$VERSION_CODENAME" != "bookworm" ]]; then
        log_error "This script is only for Debian 12 (Bookworm). Current version: $VERSION_CODENAME"
        exit 1
    fi
    
    log_success "Debian 12 (Bookworm) detected"
}

# Check disk space
check_disk_space() {
    log_info "Checking disk space..."
    AVAILABLE_SPACE=$(df -BG / | awk 'NR==2 {print $4}' | sed 's/G//')
    
    if [[ $AVAILABLE_SPACE -lt 5 ]]; then
        log_error "Insufficient disk space. Minimum 5GB required, available: ${AVAILABLE_SPACE}GB"
        exit 1
    fi
    
    log_success "Sufficient disk space available: ${AVAILABLE_SPACE}GB"
}

# Create backup of important files
backup_important_files() {
    log_info "Creating backup of important configuration files..."
    
    BACKUP_DIR="/root/debian-upgrade-backup-$(date +%Y%m%d-%H%M%S)"
    mkdir -p "$BACKUP_DIR"
    
    # Backup sources.list
    if [[ -f /etc/apt/sources.list ]]; then
        cp /etc/apt/sources.list "$BACKUP_DIR/sources.list.backup"
    fi
    
    # Backup sources.list.d directory
    if [[ -d /etc/apt/sources.list.d ]]; then
        cp -r /etc/apt/sources.list.d "$BACKUP_DIR/"
    fi
    
    # Backup important configurations
    IMPORTANT_FILES=(
        "/etc/fstab"
        "/etc/network/interfaces"
        "/etc/hosts"
        "/etc/hostname"
    )
    
    for file in "${IMPORTANT_FILES[@]}"; do
        if [[ -f "$file" ]]; then
            cp "$file" "$BACKUP_DIR/"
        fi
    done
    
    log_success "Backup created in: $BACKUP_DIR"
    echo "$BACKUP_DIR" > /tmp/debian-upgrade-backup-location.txt
}

# Update current system
update_current_system() {
    log_info "Updating current system..."
    
    apt-get update
    apt-get upgrade -y
    apt-get dist-upgrade -y
    
    log_success "Current system updated"
}

# Clean up unnecessary packages
cleanup_packages() {
    log_info "Cleaning up unnecessary packages..."
    
    apt-get autoremove -y
    apt-get autoclean
    apt-get clean
    
    log_success "System cleaned up"
}

# Update sources.list to Debian 13 (Trixie)
update_sources_list() {
    log_info "Updating sources.list to Debian 13 (Trixie)..."
    
    # Backup original sources.list
    cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.backup.$(date +%Y%m%d)
    
    # Replace bookworm with trixie in sources.list
    sed -i 's/bookworm/trixie/g' /etc/apt/sources.list
    
    # Also update sources.list.d files
    if [[ -d /etc/apt/sources.list.d ]]; then
        find /etc/apt/sources.list.d -type f -name "*.list" -exec sed -i 's/bookworm/trixie/g' {} \;
    fi
    
    log_success "Sources.list updated to Debian 13 (Trixie)"
}

# Minimal upgrade (recommended Debian upgrade method)
minimal_upgrade() {
    log_info "Performing minimal upgrade..."
    
    apt-get update
    
    # Minimal upgrade as recommended by Debian
    apt-get upgrade --without-new-packages -y || true
    apt-get full-upgrade -y
    
    log_success "Minimal upgrade completed"
}

# Full upgrade
full_upgrade() {
    log_info "Performing full upgrade..."
    
    apt-get update
    apt-get full-upgrade -y
    
    log_success "Full upgrade completed"
}

# Handle configuration file changes
handle_config_changes() {
    log_info "Processing configuration file changes..."
    
    # Use 'yes' for default options, but ask for confirmation for important changes
    # This can be interactive, so we use DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
    export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
    
    # For important configurations, use the old version as default
    # This prevents important configurations from being overwritten
    apt-get -o Dpkg::Options::="--force-confdef" -o Dpkg::Options::="--force-confold" full-upgrade -y || true
    
    log_success "Configuration file changes processed"
}

# Final cleanup
final_cleanup() {
    log_info "Performing final cleanup..."
    
    apt-get autoremove -y
    apt-get autoclean
    apt-get clean
    
    log_success "Final cleanup completed"
}

# Verify upgrade
verify_upgrade() {
    log_info "Verifying upgrade..."
    
    if [[ -f /etc/os-release ]]; then
        source /etc/os-release
        if [[ "$VERSION_CODENAME" == "trixie" ]]; then
            log_success "Upgrade successful! Current version: Debian 13 (Trixie)"
            return 0
        else
            log_warning "Version check: $VERSION_CODENAME (expected: trixie)"
            return 1
        fi
    else
        log_error "Cannot read /etc/os-release"
        return 1
    fi
}

# Main function
main() {
    log_info "========================================="
    log_info "Debian 12 to Debian 13 Upgrade Script"
    log_info "========================================="
    log_info "Log file: $LOG_FILE"
    echo ""
    
    # Pre-upgrade checks
    check_root
    check_debian_version
    check_disk_space
    
    # Ask for confirmation
    echo ""
    log_warning "WARNING: This script will upgrade your system from Debian 12 to Debian 13"
    log_warning "Make sure you have a backup before proceeding!"
    echo ""
    read -p "Do you want to continue with the upgrade? (yes/no): " -r
    echo ""
    
    if [[ ! $REPLY =~ ^[Yy][Ee][Ss]$ ]]; then
        log_info "Upgrade cancelled by user"
        exit 0
    fi
    
    # Pre-upgrade steps
    backup_important_files
    update_current_system
    cleanup_packages
    
    # Upgrade steps
    update_sources_list
    minimal_upgrade
    handle_config_changes
    full_upgrade
    
    # Post-upgrade steps
    final_cleanup
    verify_upgrade
    
    echo ""
    log_success "========================================="
    log_success "Upgrade process completed!"
    log_success "========================================="
    echo ""
    log_warning "IMPORTANT: Reboot your system to complete the upgrade:"
    log_info "  sudo reboot"
    echo ""
    log_info "Backup location: $(cat /tmp/debian-upgrade-backup-location.txt 2>/dev/null || echo 'Unknown')"
    log_info "Log file: $LOG_FILE"
    echo ""
}

# Execute script
main "$@"